Organizational culture analysis, agile leadership, self-efficacy and work motivation on strengthening organizational commitment

Abstract

Organizational commitment in educational institutions remains a critical issue, particularly in understanding how organizational and individual psychological factors shape teachers’ attachment to their organizations. Empirical findings on the roles of organizational culture, agile leadership, and self-efficacy, however, remain inconsistent, especially in vocational education. This study examifnes the relationships among these variables, including the mediating role of work motivation. A quantitative explanatory approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to data collected from 195 teachers of private vocational high schools in West Jakarta. The results show that organizational culture and work motivation have significant positive relationships with organizational commitment. Organizational culture also has a significant indirect effect through work motivation. Self-efficacy has no significant direct relationship with organizational commitment but shows a significant indirect effect via work motivation. In contrast, agile leadership does not demonstrate significant direct or indirect relationships. These findings indicate that organizational commitment is more closely associated with cultural and psychological factors than with leadership style. This study highlights the role of work motivation as a key mediating mechanism linking organizational and individual factors in the educational context.

Keywords
  • Organizational Culture
  • Agile Leadership
  • Self-Efficacy
  • Work Motivation
  • Organizational Commitment
References
  1. Ahiruddin, A. (2025). Research Of Management And Supervision: Analysis In Counseling. Journal Of Leadership, Organization, Vision, And Administration, 1(1), 37–45.
  2. Allivia, N., Tobing, C. M. H., & Muin, N. Al. (2025). Improvement Of Student’s Social Relationships Through Content Mastery Services. Journal Of Counseling And Educational Research, 2(2), 66–74. Https://Doi.Org/10.63203/Jcerch.V2i2.370
  3. Astrianti, A., Najib, M., & Sartono, B. (2020). Quality Of Work Life, Organizational Commitment And Turnover Intention In Account Officer Of Micro Finance Company. Sosiohumaniora, 22(1), 17. Https://Doi.Org/10.24198/Sosiohumaniora.V22i1.23121
  4. Bai, A., & Vahedian, M. (2023). Beyond The Screen: Safeguarding Mental Health In The Digital Workplace Through Organizational Commitment And Ethical Environment. Ssrn Electronic Journal, 5(1), 2–14. Https://Doi.Org/10.2139/Ssrn.4623055
  5. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise Of Control. Freeman And Company.
  6. Bandura, A. (2012). Social Foundations Of Thought And Action. In The Health Psychology Reader. Englewood Cliffs, Nj, 1986. Https://Doi.Org/10.4135/9781446221129.N6
  7. Baran, D., Górka, E., Ćwiąkała, M., Wojak, G., Grzelak, M., Olszyńska, K., Mrzygłód, P., Frasunkiewicz, M., Ręczajski, P., Ślusarczyk, M., & Piwnik, J. (2025). The Role Of Communication In Effective Business Management. Ssrn Electronic Journal, 215. Https://Doi.Org/10.2139/Ssrn.5585990
  8. Budiarti, S., & Sholihannisa, U. (2025). Pengaruh Leadership Agility Dan Talent Identification Terhadap Organizational Commitment Dengan Mediasi Employee Engagement Dan Work Meaningfulness. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Indonesia, 10(2), 24–33.
  9. Buulolo, D., Hardjo, S., & Aisyah, S. (2025). Effect Of Self Efficacy On Work Engagement Mediated By Psychological Well Being In Employed Student. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 13(1), 68–74. Https://Doi.Org/10.22219/Jipt.V13i1.37807
  10. Cahyaniz, S., & Badrianto, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Stres Kerja, Beban Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Volume, 3(3), 2226–2237. Https://J-Innovative.Org/Index.Php/Innovative%0apengaruh
  11. Chin, W. W. (1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach To Structural Equation Modeling. In Modern Methods For Business Research (1st Editio, P. 42). Psychology Press.
  12. Ciby, M. A., & Dominic, E. (2026). Nurturing Creative Involvement At Work: Role Of Psychological Safety And Happiness At Work. Acta Psychologica, 262. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Actpsy.2025.106105
  13. Dorn, S. (2026). How Many Remote Jobs Are There? Fmc Group.
  14. Fitriyana, A., Prahiawan, W., & Kambara, R. (2023). Influence Of Organizational Culture And Intrinsic Motivation On Employee Performance Through Organizational Commitment As An Intervening Variable. Management Science Research Journal, 2(1), 46–63. Https://Doi.Org/10.56548/Msr.V2i1.42
  15. Fitriyanti, E. (2025). Research Of Organization And Administration: Analysis In Guidance And Counseling. Journal Of Leadership, Organization, Vision, And Administration, 1(1), 13–22. Https://Doi.Org/10.63203/Lova.V1i1.421
  16. Hafidz, L. (2023). 4 Data Statistik Hr Dalam Employee Engagement. Talentics.
  17. Hair, J. J. F., M. Hult, G. T., M. Ringle, C., Sarstedt, & Marko. (2022). A Primer On Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (Pls-Sem) [3 Ed]. In Sage Publishing (Vol. 3, Issue 1).
  18. Hidayatullah, M., Hatami, H., & Fauziannor, A. (2025). Retensi Karyawan Generasi Z Di Indonesia Berdasarkan Kajian Literatur Sistematis Mahdi. Jkpim: Jurnal Kajian Dan Penalaran Ilmu Manajemen, 3(2), 1–16. Https://Doi.Org/10.59031/Jkpim.V3i2.601
  19. Huda, W., Raharjo, T. J., Suharini, E., & Prihatin, T. (2024). Organizational Culture And Self-Efficacy With Work Motivation And Leadership As Key Factors. Qubahan Academic Journal, 4(4), 383–410. Https://Doi.Org/10.48161/Qaj.V4n4a1220
  20. Husein, M. A., Salim, M. N., Nurhayati, M., Riyanto, S., Dewantara, S., & Salim, N. (2023). Examining The Impact Of Agile Leadership On Work Commitment: Mediating Role Of Organizational Culture. Journal Of Enterprise And Development (Jed), 5(3), 2023. Www.Worldtop20.Org,
  21. Karimah, S., & Astuty, I. (2023). Pengaruh Self Eficacy Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Employe Engagement Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Studi Pada Cv. Jawara Digital Yogyakarta. Journal Of Economics, Assets, And Evaluation, 1(2), 1–19. Https://Doi.Org/10.47134/Jeae.V1i2.101
  22. Khoirunnisa, K., Nani Al Muin, Caroline Lisa Setia Wati, & Erwinda, L. (2025). Navigating Identity: The Role Of Self-Regulation And Meaning Of Life In Adolescents. Journal Of Counseling And Educational Research, 2(1), 26–33. Https://Doi.Org/10.63203/Jcerch.V2i1.362
  23. Lazuardi, P., Badruzaman, J., & Rosliyati, A. (2024). The Influence Of Self-Efficacy, Organizational Climate And Work-Life Balance On Work Achievement Through Motivation As An Intervening Variable. Management And Sustainability, 3(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.58968/Ms.V3i1.431
  24. Lestari, L., & Djastuti, I. (2023). Employee Performance In Generation Y: Is Organizational Commitment Matters? Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Manajemen (Rekomen), 6(1), 19–37. Https://Doi.Org/10.31002/Rekomen.V6i1.585
  25. Liana, W. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Terhadap Produktivitas Karyawan Pt Telkom Indonesia, Tbk Cabang Palembang. Jurnal Nasional Manajemen Pemasaran & Sdm, 1(01), 65–72. Https://Doi.Org/10.47747/Jnmpsdm.V1i01.25
  26. Lien, H., & Lai, H.-C. (2024). The Impact Of The Organisational Commitment Of Teachers On Work Engagement: The Mediating Role Of Teaching Efficacy. E-Mentor, 107(5), 29–35. Https://Doi.Org/10.15219/Em107.1685
  27. Liu, E., & Huang, J. (2019). Occupational Self-Efficacy, Organizational Commitment, And Work Engagement. Social Behavior And Personality, 47(8). Https://Doi.Org/10.2224/Sbp.8046
  28. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment In The Workplace: Theory, Research, And Application. Sage Publications.
  29. Mulyani, S., Nasution, E. S., & Pratiwi, I. W. (2020). Hubungan Efikasi Diri Dan Keterikatan Kerja Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak. Jp3sdm, 9(1), 74–89.
  30. Nasri, W. O. L. A., Solihatun, S., & Syahputra, Y. (2024). Self-Compassion Di Era Digital: Eksplorasi Gender, Media Sosial, Dan Akses Internet. Psychocentrum Review, 6(1).
  31. Noviandi, I. P., Hadiyat, Y., & Tampubolon, R. (2025). The Influence Of Organizational Culture & Training Programs Of Employee Performance With Self Efficacy As An Intervening Variabel At The General Secretariat Of The Ministry Of Agrarian Affrairs & Spatial Planning/National Land Agency. Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal Of Sharia Economics (Iijse), 8(3), 13800–13810.
  32. Nugroho, J., Muniroh, M., & Arifin, A. L. (2024). Agile Leadership’s Influence On Lecturer Effectiveness And Career Development In The Education Sector. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 16(4), 5875–5886. Https://Doi.Org/10.35445/Alishlah.V16i4.6217
  33. Prasetiawan, T., Nurhayati, M., & Riana, K. E. (2025). The Influence Of Agile Leadership And Talent Management On Employee Performance Mediated By Workforce Agility. International Journal Of Applied Management And Business, 3(1), 1–22. Https://Doi.Org/10.54099/Ijamb.V3i1.1201
  34. Purnomo, D. I., Yanah, D., & Merisanti, M. (2024). The Contribution Of Parental Support To Student Learning Motivation. Journal Of Counseling And Educational Research, 1(2), 63–71. Https://Doi.Org/10.63203/Jcerch.V1i2.117
  35. Putri, A., & Wicaksana, H. H. (2026). The Influence Of Job Satisfaction, Perceived Organizational Support, And Work-Life Balance On Turnover Intention Through The Mediation Of Organizational Commitment. J-Ceki : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah, 5(2 Se-Articles), 450–470. Https://Doi.Org/10.56799/Jceki.V5i2.12795
  36. Roziq, G. P. N., Putrisari, S. B., & Restiani, W. Y. (2024). Peran Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan Rumah Sakit: Literature Review. Jurnal Of Social Science Research, 4, 4352–4362. Https://J-Innovative.Org/Index.Php/Innovative
  37. Ryan, R., & Decci, E. (2000). Self-Determination Theory And The Facilitation Of Intrinsic Motivation, Social Development, And Well-Being. In Routledge Handbook Of Adapted Physical Education. Https://Doi.Org/10.4324/9780429052675
  38. Sadikin, M. R., Junaedi, J., Syamsunasir, S., & Yasmin, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Di Rumah Sakit Bersalin (Rsb) Avisena. Jurnal Perspektif Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan (Jpmk), 4(1), 9–24. Https://Doi.Org/10.59832/Jpmk.V4i1.217
  39. Sahrif, A. D., & Imron, M. (2025). Integration Of Leadership, Motivation, And Culture To Strengthen Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Orientasi Bisnis Dan Entrepreneurship (Jobs), 6(1), 37–52. Https://Doi.Org/10.33476/Jobs.V6i1.4556
  40. Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational Culture And Leadership. Jossey-Bass. Https://Repository.Act.Ac.Rw/Handle/123456789/100
  41. Seema. (2021). Relationship Between Organizational Politics And Organizational Commitment. Webology, 18(Special Issue), 278–287. Https://Doi.Org/10.14704/Web/V18si04/Web18128
  42. Suhartono, B., & Hariyani, H. (2025). The Influence Of Principal Leadership On Teacher Performance. Journal Of Leadership, Organization, Vision, And Administration, 1(1), 23–29. Https://Doi.Org/10.63203/Lova.V1i1.426
  43. Suherman, A., Arminarahmah, N., & Martini, M. (2024). The Impact Of Organizational Culture On Employee Retention And Performance In The Technology Industry: A Comparative Study. International Journal Of Management Science And Information Technology, 4(2), 516–526. Https://Doi.Org/10.35870/Ijmsit.V4i2.3405
  44. Syahputra, Y., Rahmat, C. P., & Erwinda, L. (2025). Instrumentasi Tes Dalam Bimbingan Dan Konseling. Cv Eureka Media Aksara.
  45. Syahputra, Y., Solihatun, S., Hafni, M., Miswanto, M., Asbi, A., Fajri, N., Putri Karisma, S., Prasiska Rahmat, C., & Erwinda, L. (2024). Digital Dynamics: Investigating The Correlation Between Social Media Addiction And Students’ Relational Aggression. Bulletin Of Counseling And Psychotherapy, 6(2), 1–13. Https://Doi.Org/10.51214/00202406843000
  46. Tanhan, F., Özok, H. I., & Tayiz, V. (2022). Fear Of Missing Out (Fomo): A Current Review. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 14(1), 74–85.
  47. Ucar, A. C., Alpkan, L., & Elci, M. (2021). The Effects Of Person–Organization Fit And Turnover Intention On Employees’ Creative Behavior: The Mediating Role Of Psychological Ownership. Sage Open, 11(4). Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/21582440211066924
  48. Uktutias, S. A. M., Masyfufah, L., & Iswati, S. (2021). Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasional Terhadap Turnover Intention. Jurnal Kesehatan Politeknik Negeri Jember, 9(1), 15–20. Https://Doi.Org/10.25047/J-Kes. V9i1
  49. Van Rossenberg, Y. G. T., Cross, D., & Swart, J. (2022). An Hrm Perspective On Workplace Commitment: Reconnecting In Concept, Measurement And Methodology. Human Resource Management Review, 32(4). Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Hrmr.2021.100891
  50. Wahyuni, A. N. (2019). Hubungan Komitmen Organisasi Dan Intensi Turnover : Meta-Analisis. Insight : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Psikologi, 15(2), 180. Https://Doi.Org/10.32528/Ins.V15i2.1796
  51. Wen, J., Huang, S. (Sam), & Teo, S. (2023). Effect Of Empowering Leadership On Work Engagement Via Psychological Empowerment: Moderation Of Cultural Orientation. Journal Of Hospitality And Tourism Management, 54, 88–97. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jhtm.2022.12.012
  52. Wetzels, M., Odekerken-Schröder, G., & Van Oppen, C. (2009). Using Pls Path Modeling For Assessing Hierarchical Construct Models: Guidelines And Empirical Illustration. Mis Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 33(1), 177–196. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/20650284
  53. Wijaya, S. (2022). Peran Budaya Organisasi Dalam Meningkatkan Retensi Karyawan. Jurnal Bina Manajemen, 11(1), 199–213. Https://Doi.Org/10.52859/Jbm.V11i1.256
  54. Yılmaz, A. A. (2024). The New Work Revolution: Telecommuting, And Flexibility Rewrite The Rules. The Journal Of Social Science, 8(16), 111–123. Https://Doi.Org/10.30520/Tjsosci.1544537