Model pals dalam pembelajaran kolaboratif pendidikan ekonomi: a systematic literature review tentang kompetensi interkultural

Abstract

Kompetensi interkultural menjadi kompetensi kunci yang harus dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Ekonomi untuk menjawab tantangan globalisasi dan keberagaman sosial-budaya. Salah satu pendekatan yang dinilai relevan adalah Peer Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS) sebagai model pembelajaran kolaboratif yang menekankan interaksi sebaya dan konstruksi pengetahuan bersama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk dan pola implementasi PALS dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Ekonomi, menganalisis kontribusinya terhadap pengembangan kompetensi interkultural mahasiswa, serta mengkaji tantangan penelitian terkait implementasi PALS berbasis kompetensi interkultural. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengikuti protokol PRISMA. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan, meliputi relevansi topik, konteks pendidikan ekonomi, dan rentang publikasi sepuluh tahun terakhir. Artikel terpilih kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik, yang bertujuan mengidentifikasi pola tema utama terkait desain pembelajaran kolaboratif, dimensi kompetensi interkultural, pendekatan metodologis, serta dampaknya terhadap capaian pembelajaran ekonomi. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data Scopus, Web of Science, DOAJ, dan Google Scholar dengan rentang publikasi tahun 2014–2024. Dari 326 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 32 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PALS umumnya diimplementasikan melalui strategi tutor sebaya, diskusi berpasangan, dan kerja kelompok terstruktur, serta memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pengembangan kompetensi interkultural mahasiswa, khususnya pada dimensi kesadaran budaya, komunikasi lintas budaya, empati, keterbukaan terhadap perbedaan, dan kemampuan kolaborasi. Namun, kajian yang secara spesifik mengintegrasikan PALS dan kompetensi interkultural dalam konteks Pendidikan Ekonomi masih terbatas, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan dengan desain yang lebih kontekstual dan longitudinal.

Keywords
  • Intercultural learning in economics
  • Pembelajaran Kolaboratif
  • Kompetensi Interkultural
  • Systematic Literature Review
  • Higher Education
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